May 30

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The Economic Importance Of Robusta Coffee In Ivory Coast

By Hanson Cheng

May 30, 2023


Robusta coffee, a species of coffee known for its hardier quality, is an essential crop in the West African country of Ivory Coast. Although the country is better known for its production of cocoa beans, coffee is a significant contributor to the national economy, accounting for 15% of the nation’s agricultural exports. Robusta coffee, in particular, is a vital crop for farmers in Ivory Coast, providing a source of income and employment for millions of people in the country. This article examines the economic importance of Robusta coffee in Ivory Coast, exploring its role in the country’s agricultural sector and its impact on the national economy.

Overview Of The Coffee Industry In Ivory Coast

The Ivory Coast (Côte d’Ivoire) ranks among the world’s largest producers of Robusta coffee. Robusta coffee farming in Ivory Coast dates back to the early 20th century when it was introduced by the French colonialists. The country has been exporting coffee for more than 80 years and is currently the world’s fourth-largest coffee producer, responsible for 7% of the global production. The Ivorian coffee industry has been focused mainly on Robusta coffee, which is well-suited for the country’s hot and humid climate. Historically, coffee has played a crucial role in Ivory Coast’s economic development by contributing to employment, revenue generation, and foreign currency earnings.

The coffee industry has been the backbone of the Ivorian economy for decades. It employs over 600,000 people and provides a livelihood for many small-scale farmers, who account for 95% of the country’s coffee production. Coffee is one of the main sources of foreign exchange for Ivory Coast, generating approximately 3% of the country’s GDP. Additionally, coffee exports provide hard currency that helps finance the country’s imports, which are mostly consumer goods and capital equipment. The global demand for coffee has been increasing rapidly, and Ivory Coast’s abundant natural resources allow it to be a significant player in the international coffee market.

Robusta coffee is grown predominantly in the central and eastern regions of the country, although there are smaller production areas in the western parts of the country. While Robusta beans are typically characterized by their sharp and bitter taste, they have been recognized for their strong body and unique aroma, which has made them popular among coffee buyers. Given its economic importance, Robusta coffee farming has become a vital part of agriculture and trade in Ivory Coast. The government has made efforts to increase production by investing in research, technology, and infrastructure to improve the coffee sector’s competitiveness.

As a critical cash crop for the Ivorian economy, Robusta coffee farming provides employment opportunities and income for thousands of farmers and their families. However, the sector faces challenges such as climate change, pests and diseases, and price volatility in the international market. To address these challenges, the Ivorian government is implementing policies and initiatives aimed at increasing productivity, improving quality, and enhancing the sector’s overall competitiveness. At present, the coffee industry remains an essential sector for the Ivorian economy, and Robusta coffee, in particular, continues to play a vital role in the country’s economic development.

History of Robusta Coffee in Ivory Coast

The cultivation of Robusta coffee, scientifically known as Coffea canephora, began in Ivory Coast in the 1970s with a focus on increasing export revenue. Ivory Coast is the largest producer of Robusta coffee in the world, accounting for around 35% of global output. This was achieved through government initiatives to promote the cultivation of coffee and attract foreign investment.

Prior to the introduction of the crop, Ivory Coast was known primarily for its cocoa and palm oil exports. However, the decline in cocoa prices in the late 1960s prompted the Ivorian government to diversify their agricultural exports. The establishment of the Coffee and Cocoa Council in 1972 further strengthened efforts to promote the expansion of the coffee industry in Ivory Coast.

The country’s ideal climate and fertile soil made it a prime location for the growth of Robusta coffee. Farmers were encouraged to plant the crop, and support was provided with regards to infrastructural development. Increased investment in research and development also led to the introduction of new strains of coffee with improved yields and resistance to diseases.

Today, Robusta coffee is an integral part of Ivory Coast’s economy, contributing significantly to the country’s exports and GDP. The sector provides employment to over a million people, and the government continues to prioritize investments in the coffee industry.

Despite its economic importance, the sector faces challenges such as climate change, pests and diseases, and the global drop in coffee prices. However, significant efforts are being made to address these issues, including the introduction of new strains of coffee and investing in research and development to improve yields.

The Economic Impact of Robusta Coffee in Ivory Coast

Employment

The Robusta coffee industry in Ivory Coast plays a vital role in employment generation. The industry provides jobs for a significant percentage of the population in rural areas. It employs people at all stages of the production process, including planting, harvesting, processing, and transportation. The coffee industry creates indirect employment opportunities as well, such as in the construction of roads and buildings, providing water and electricity, and the establishment of transportation networks.

Employment in the coffee industry is seasonal and varies according to the cycles of coffee production, with the busiest periods being during the planting and harvesting seasons. Despite this, the industry provides stable employment for many workers, and it contributes positively to reducing poverty by improving living standards and providing job security. The employment generated by the Robusta coffee industry in Ivory Coast promotes the economic growth of the country and contributes to the overall well-being of the population.

Foreign exchange earnings

The economic importance of Robusta coffee in Ivory Coast cannot be overstated, particularly in terms of foreign exchange earnings. The country is known for being one of the top producers of Robusta coffee in the world, and this has had a significant impact on the economy. The bulk of the foreign exchange earned by Ivory Coast comes from this highly valued commodity, and this trend is expected to continue in the future. The coffee industry in Ivory Coast employs a large number of people, particularly in rural areas where it is a major source of income for farmers.

The country’s coffee sector is highly competitive, and its exports generated over $1.3 billion in revenue in 2019 alone. The government has recognized the economic importance of this industry and has enacted policies to support its growth, such as investing in research and promoting the export of value-added products. Notably, the robusta coffee sector in Ivory Coast has shown resilience in the face of various challenges such as weather, pests, and diseases.

The government has been proactive in supporting the industry by providing farmers with better inputs and equipment and building processing facilities to enhance coffee quality. This has resulted in a steady increase in production and productivity in recent years. With an expanding global demand for coffee, Ivory Coast is well-positioned to continue to export the high-quality Robusta coffee demanded by the world market. The foreign exchange earnings generated by the coffee industry in Ivory Coast play a significant role in boosting the country’s overall economic growth.

These earnings are essential to the government’s efforts to maintain macroeconomic stability and fund public investments, including infrastructure development, education, and health care. The coffee industry significantly contributes to reducing poverty in Ivory Coast since the majority of coffee farmers live in rural areas and depend on coffee as their primary source of income. Therefore, by promoting the production and export of Robusta coffee, Ivory Coast is contributing to the growth of its economy, improving the livelihoods of its people, and elevating its position among other coffee-producing countries.

Contribution to GDP

Robusta coffee is an essential contributor to the Ivory Coast economy, particularly in terms of its impact on GDP. The coffee industry generates a considerable amount of revenue for the country, accounting for nearly 20% of the country’s GDP. Additionally, it contributes significantly to the overall growth of the agricultural sector. This growth can be attributed to the increasing investment in the coffee production process, along with the successful implementation of government-supported programs and initiatives.

Moreover, the coffee industry has helped create more significant numbers of employment opportunities for the population, especially in rural areas. The industry employs more than 200,000 individuals in farming and related activities. The growth of the coffee industry has a positive spillover effect on other sectors of the economy, such as transport, banking, and commerce.

The transportation and distribution of coffee beans help support various businesses such as transport, finance and service sectors. In addition, increased spending by coffee industry workers can stimulate local economies in rural areas by increasing demands for goods and services. Importantly, the coffee industry has been able to contribute to attracting foreign direct investment into the country, furthering economic growth and stability.

Impact on rural development

The economic impact of Robusta coffee on Ivory Coast’s rural development cannot be overstated. The coffee industry plays a critical role in providing employment opportunities and improving living conditions for rural residents. Over 70% of the country’s coffee is grown in rural areas, providing jobs for more than 650,000 farmers and their families. These farmers rely heavily on coffee cultivation as their main source of income and are, therefore, able to improve their standard of living through the sale of their coffee beans. The industry also supports job creation in other industries, such as coffee processing and transportation.

The cultivation of coffee has also facilitated the development of infrastructure in rural areas, including the construction of roads, schools, health centers, and improved access to electricity and clean drinking water. This infrastructure development has contributed to improved social services and a higher quality of life for rural residents. Additionally, coffee farming has encouraged the adoption of sustainable agricultural practices, such as crop diversification and soil conservation, which have improved the long-term viability of agricultural production in rural areas.

The economic benefits of the Robusta coffee industry on Ivory Coast’s rural development extend beyond employment and infrastructure development. The industry has also contributed to poverty reduction by providing a stable source of income for rural residents. The increased income has allowed farmers to invest in their farms and businesses, improve their homes, and support the education of their children. This has had a spillover effect on the broader economy, as increased income translates into increased spending on goods and services, driving economic growth.

The Robusta coffee industry plays a vital role in the development and improvement of rural areas in Ivory Coast. The industry provides a source of employment and income for hundreds of thousands of rural residents, supports sustainable agricultural practices, and has contributed to the development of critical infrastructure in rural areas. The government’s continued investment in the coffee industry is vital to maintaining this development trajectory and ensuring continued growth and prosperity for rural areas in Ivory Coast.

Challenges In Robusta Coffee Production In Ivory Coast

Climate change

The changing climate in Ivory Coast has had a significant impact on the production of Robusta coffee. As temperatures rise and rainfall patterns become increasingly irregular, farmers are faced with new challenges that threaten their harvests. Specifically, higher temperatures and more frequent droughts are leading to lower yields and smaller coffee beans, which ultimately lowers the quality of the crop. In addition, the changing climate is causing new pests and diseases to emerge, which can further harm the coffee plants.

Farmers are responding to these challenges by implementing new strategies for growing coffee, such as planting in higher elevations, using shade cover, and switching to more resistant varieties of coffee plants. However, these strategies can be expensive and take time to implement, which can put additional financial strain on farmers who are already struggling to make ends meet. Furthermore, as the climate continues to change, it is unclear whether these strategies will be sufficient to protect the crop from the effects of climate change.

Given the importance of Robusta coffee to the Ivorian economy, it is crucial that steps are taken to address the challenges presented by climate change. This may include investing in research to develop new coffee varieties that are more resistant to climate change, providing farmers with financial assistance to support the implementation of new strategies, and working to mitigate the effects of climate change through international cooperation. By taking these steps, Ivory Coast can help to ensure that its coffee industry remains strong and resilient in the face of a changing climate.

Pests and diseases

Robusta coffee in Ivory Coast faces challenges from pests and diseases that can significantly affect the crop yield. One of the most destructive pests is the Coffee Berry Borer that feeds on coffee berries, damaging them and leaving them vulnerable to fungal infections. This pest has been known to cause up to 50% damage to annual coffee yields. Other pests and diseases include leaf rust, stem borers, and root rot. These problems are exacerbated by changes in weather patterns due to climate change, which makes it difficult for farmers to anticipate the timing of planting and harvesting.

To combat these problems, farmers need to use integrated pest management techniques that include monitoring, early detection, and prevention. Research institutions, government agencies, and non-governmental organizations can help provide technical advice, training, and access to inputs such as pesticides and fungicides.

In addition to pests and diseases, coffee production in Ivory Coast is hampered by a lack of investment in infrastructure and equipment. Farmers need access to credit and financing to purchase machinery and equipment, and to build better storage facilities. This lack of investment also affects the quality of the coffee produced, making it difficult for farmers to compete in international markets.

Competition from other crops is also a challenge for coffee production in Ivory Coast. The country relies heavily on cocoa production for its exports, and coffee is considered a secondary crop. The government and international organizations can work together to promote the value of Robusta coffee and to develop markets for it. Overall, the economic importance of Robusta coffee in Ivory Coast is significant, and efforts to address challenges such as pests and diseases, lack of investment, and competition from other crops are important for the sustainability of the industry.

Lack of investment

The lack of investment in the Robusta coffee industry in Ivory Coast has been a significant hindrance to its growth and development. Despite being one of the most critical cash crops in the Ivorian agricultural sector, investment in the industry has been minimal over the years, leading to lower yields, lower incomes for farmers, and reduced profitability for traders. The absence of investment in the coffee sector has led to inadequate infrastructure, outdated farming practices, and the lack of access to modern technologies resulting in low levels of productivity and increased production costs.

Additionally, the lack of investment has resulted in a lack of funds for research and development, leading to inadequate knowledge of coffee tree diseases and pests and ineffective methods for their mitigation. As a result, several coffee plantations have suffered significant losses due to diseases such as coffee rust and pests such as the coffee berry borer, leading to lower yields and loss of revenue for farmers and traders. Moreover, the lack of access to credit facilities and capital for investment has prevented farmers from purchasing essential farm inputs such as fertilizers and pesticides, which are critical for the growth and development of coffee trees.

The shortage of investment in the Robusta coffee industry in Ivory Coast has not only affected the farmers, but also the traders and processors. Due to low yields and poor quality coffee, traders have to incur higher costs in processing coffee, reducing their profit margins. Additionally, the lack of investment in the industry has made it difficult for the industry to compete with other cash crops such as cocoa and cashew, resulting in a shift in land use from coffee to other crops, leading to a reduction in overall production levels.

The lack of investment in the Robusta coffee industry in Ivory Coast has been a significant factor contributing to its slow growth and development. A significant investment in the industry is urgently needed to modernize coffee farming practices, infrastructure, research, and development activities, and marketing strategies to increase productivity and profitability.

Competition from other crops

Robusta coffee has to compete against many other crops in Ivory Coast. Farmers in Ivory Coast have to choose which crop to grow based on market demand, profitability, and the climate conditions in the region. Cocoa is the main crop produced in the country and is a significant competitor to Robusta coffee. Many farmers prefer to grow cocoa because it is more profitable and resistant to diseases and pests. In addition, the government has promoted the cultivation of cashews, rubber, and palm oil in recent years.

These crops have proven to be successful and have increased the competition for farmers who want to produce Robusta coffee. Moreover, these crops require less water and are drought-tolerant, which makes them more suitable for the changing climatic conditions of Ivory Coast. The competition from other crops leaves the farmers with few options and forces them to adapt their growing techniques and focus on new markets.

Government Policies And Initiatives

Support for smallholder farmers

The Ivory Coast government recognizes the vital role that smallholder farmers play in the coffee industry and has implemented several measures to support them. These measures include providing funding for farm inputs, such as fertilizers and pesticides, as well as technical assistance through the National Coffee and Cocoa Council (CNCC). Additionally, the government has implemented programs to improve farmers’ access to credit, including the creation of a National Agricultural Credit Fund in 2016. This fund provides loans to farmers at low-interest rates to increase their production capacity and improve the quality of their coffee.

Moreover, the government has worked to improve smallholders’ access to markets through the creation of farmer organizations and cooperatives. These organizations provide a platform for farmers to access information, share knowledge and experiences, and negotiate for better prices for their coffee. Through these organizations, smallholder farmers can pool their resources to access the global market and increase their bargaining power, ensuring that they receive a fair price for their coffee.

The Ivory Coast government has also implemented measures to promote sustainable agriculture practices that improve the quality and productivity of coffee farms. These measures include the establishment of demonstration plots and training programs to teach farmers about modern coffee farming techniques. Moreover, the government has supported research into coffee diseases and pests and has provided farmers with plant varieties that are resistant to these threats.

By supporting smallholder farmers, the Ivory Coast government is not only promoting economic growth but is also ensuring food security and poverty reduction in rural areas. Smallholder farmers play a vital role in the country’s coffee industry, and their success is essential to the industry’s continued growth. The government’s investments in the smallholder sector are an essential component of the country’s broader economic development strategy and ensure the long-term sustainability of the coffee industry in Ivory Coast.

Investment in infrastructure

The development of infrastructure is a crucial aspect of increasing the productivity and profitability of smallholder coffee farmers in Ivory Coast. Infrastructure such as roads, bridges, and storage facilities are necessary to transport and preserve the coffee beans from farm to market. The Ivorian government has recognized this need, and as a result, there has been significant investment in infrastructure development in recent years.

One of the primary infrastructure investments in Ivory Coast has been the development of transport infrastructure, including the building of new roads and bridges. These improvements have facilitated access to previously inaccessible areas, enabling farmers to transport their coffee to markets more easily and efficiently. Additionally, the development of a robust transportation system has helped to reduce the cost of transportation and has made it easier for farmers to sell their coffee at a fair price.

Another vital infrastructure improvement in Ivory Coast has been the development of storage facilities. With proper storage, farmers can preserve their coffee beans until they can find a suitable market. The construction of modern storage facilities has greatly reduced the loss of coffee beans due to improper storage. Additionally, the ability to store coffee beans for a more extended period has enabled farmers to sell their coffee when prices are more favorable, resulting in more profitable outcomes.

The Ivorian government also recognizes that access to credit is essential for smallholder farmers to invest in their farms and increase their productivity. The government has, therefore, established programs that provide access to credit at favorable interest rates, enabling farmers to purchase essential inputs and equipment necessary to improve the quality and quantity of their coffee.

Furthermore, the Ivorian government has made significant investments in research and development to improve coffee productivity and quality. The government research institutions collaborate with international organizations to develop new technologies and methods that smallholder farmers can use to improve their yields and product quality. Investment in infrastructure is a critical component of supporting smallholder coffee farmers in Ivory Coast.

The Ivorian government has recognized this and has made significant investments that have facilitated the transport of coffee beans, improved storage facilities, and provided credit to farmers. The government’s investments in research and development have also helped to increase coffee productivity and quality. These infrastructure improvements have significantly contributed to the economic importance of Robusta coffee in Ivory Coast.

Promotion of value addition

The Ivorian government has recognized the importance of promoting value addition in the coffee sector as a means of increasing profits for smallholder farmers and creating a more stable economy. Value addition refers to the process of increasing the value of raw materials through processing and packaging. In the context of Robusta coffee in Ivory Coast, value addition can take several forms, including roasting, branding, and packaging. By adding value to their coffee, smallholder farmers can command higher prices for their crops and earn more income.

The government has implemented several initiatives to encourage value addition in the coffee sector, including providing technical assistance to farmers on how to roast and package their coffee, establishing coffee processing facilities, and promoting the development of local coffee brands. One of the key challenges facing smallholder farmers in the coffee sector is the lack of access to processing facilities. Many farmers lack the resources to process their coffee beans themselves, which often results in them selling unprocessed beans at a lower price.

The government has recognized this challenge and has invested in the construction of coffee processing facilities throughout the country. These facilities provide farmers with the opportunity to process their coffee beans and add value to their crops. In addition to providing processing facilities, the government has also provided technical assistance to farmers on how to roast and package their coffee, which allows them to sell their product at a higher price. The government has also recognized the importance of promoting local coffee brands as a means of adding value to the coffee sector.

By developing local coffee brands, smallholder farmers can differentiate their product from other coffee beans on the market and command higher prices. The government has promoted the development of local coffee brands through marketing campaigns and by providing funding to coffee cooperatives to develop their own brands. In addition to promoting local brands, the government has also encouraged farmers to produce high-quality coffee by providing training on coffee production techniques and by establishing quality control standards.

Overall, the promotion of value addition in the coffee sector is a critical component of the Ivorian government’s strategy to support smallholder farmers and stimulate economic growth. By adding value to their coffee crops, farmers can earn more income, which can help to reduce poverty and improve living standards. The government’s investment in processing facilities, technical assistance, and the development of local coffee brands has contributed to the growth of the coffee sector in Ivory Coast and has helped to position the country as a leading producer of high-quality Robusta coffee.

Marketing and promotion

Marketing and promotion play an essential role in the economic significance of Robusta coffee in Ivory Coast. The promotion of Robusta coffee focuses mainly on enhancing the product’s image and price. The Ivorian government has worked tirelessly to market the product globally by participating in marketing events, trade fairs, and conferences while promoting the economic and social benefits of the coffee sector. The Ivory Coast Coffee and Cocoa Council (CCC) has also implemented strategies such as quality control that has helped increase exports to countries like Italy, France, Spain, and Belgium.

The marketing of robusta coffee is further enhanced by the government’s move to identify niches and match them with specific coffee producers’ strengths, allowing for more precise marketing and promotion. The Ivory Coast Coffee and Cocoa Council (CCC) has established robusta coffee marketing programs that entail promotion and advertising methods that target both the local and international markets. These campaigns include online marketing, roadshows, and product advertising.

For instance, the Ivorian Coffee Promotion Agency has created an online platform where coffee sellers and buyers can directly link up, facilitating trade between these entities. Additionally, the government has worked to open up markets and create opportunities for entrepreneurs looking to invest in the coffee sector. Such groundbreaking efforts were the implementation of procedures that allowed for the processing of coffee beans into instant coffee, resulting in a value-addition technique taken up by numerous entrepreneurs, effectively supplementing their income from the coffee trade.

The government of Ivory Coast also created a program that allowed small coffee farmers to access funds for coffee bean processing, which previously was an obstacle to some farmers unable to afford the equipment. Such government intervention in ivory coast’s coffee sector has played a significant role in African economic development and gradually led to poverty reduction in the coffee-growing regions.

Since the implementation of government-led marketing and promotion, there has been a noticeable increase in coffee production in Ivory Coast. Additionally, the promotion of the bean in both the local and global markets has established a steady demand that has provided a constant income for small coffee farmers, in turn, transforming economic productivity in the country.

Conclusion

Summary of key points

The economic importance of Robusta coffee in Ivory Coast cannot be overstated. This article highlights the many benefits of the coffee industry in the country. Firstly, the industry provides employment for a significant percentage of the population, both directly and indirectly, thereby reducing poverty. Secondly, the industry contributes to the country’s foreign exchange earnings, which is crucial for economic stability.

Thirdly, the industry plays a vital role in the development of rural areas as it encourages investment and infrastructure development in these regions. Additionally, Robusta coffee has many nutritional and health benefits and has become a significant export commodity for the country. Robusta coffee production in Ivory Coast, however, faces a number of challenges including climate change, poor infrastructure, and lack of funding.

To ensure future sustainability and growth of the industry, it will be important to address these issues and foster technological innovation. Increased investment in the industry, better agricultural practices, and expansion of the coffee market will be instrumental in ensuring the growth and development of the Robusta coffee industry in Ivory Coast.

Overall, the economic impact of Robusta coffee industry in Ivory Coast cannot be overlooked. Its contribution to the country’s economy, poverty reduction, and development makes it a critical sector that stakeholders need to support and invest in to ensure its continued success.

Recommendations for stakeholders

Stakeholders in the Ivory Coast Robusta coffee industry should take several steps to improve the economic significance of the coffee in the global market. These steps include investing in modern, mechanized farming equipment, such as automatic irrigation systems and high-tech agroforestry equipment. Additionally, they should prioritize improving the quality of their beans through sustainable farming techniques and better post-harvest processing methods.

This means reducing the use of agrochemicals that negatively affect the health of workers and the environment. It also means using advanced processing methods, such as wet hulling, to improve flavor profiles and overall bean quality. Another important strategy for improving the economic importance of Ivory Coast Robusta coffee is by promoting the transparency and traceability of the product.

This means working closely with buyers to ensure they are aware of and willing to pay for the exceptional quality of Ivory Coast Robusta coffee. Furthermore, the government can play a crucial role in supporting this industry by investing in rural infrastructure, improving access to credit, and offering training programs for farmers and cooperatives. Ultimately, these efforts will help Ivory Coast Robusta coffee gain a more significant market share and improve the livelihoods of thousands of smallholder farmers throughout the country.

The economic importance of Robusta coffee in Ivory Coast – FAQs

1. What is the economic importance of Robusta coffee in Ivory Coast?

Robusta coffee is one of the significant cash crops in Ivory Coast and contributes substantially to the country’s economy. It provides employment opportunities to local people, generates foreign exchange earnings, reduces the country’s dependence on cocoa, and supports the development of rural areas.

2. What is the percentage of Robusta coffee in Ivory Coast’s coffee production?

Approximately 75% of Ivory Coast’s coffee production is Robusta coffee. It is grown in the southern and central regions of the country. Ivory Coast is one of the largest Robusta producers globally and exports a considerable amount of the crop to markets worldwide.

3. What are the benefits of growing Robusta coffee in Ivory Coast?

Robusta coffee is an attractive crop for Ivorian farmers as it requires low inputs and is resistant to pests and diseases. Its growth in rural areas contributes to poverty reduction, food security, and diversification of income sources. Farmers can earn higher profits by growing Robusta coffee compared to other crops.

4. How does Robusta coffee improve the living standards of small farmers in Ivory Coast?

Robusta coffee farming creates a source of income for small farmers in Ivory Coast, hence improving their living standards. Growing this crop promotes the creation of cooperatives, enabling farmers to access bulk markets, and pool their production, increasing their bargaining power.

5. What is the impact of Robusta coffee on Ivorian exports?

Robusta coffee is the second most important export crop for Ivory Coast, after cocoa. The crop plays a significant role in the country’s export earnings, generating foreign exchange earnings that contribute to the balance of payments. The coffee sector is a vital source of income for rural households and the Ivorian economy at large.

6. What measures has Ivory Coast taken to increase Robusta coffee production?

Ivory Coast has implemented various measures to increase Robusta coffee production, such as investing in research to improve the quality of the crop and increase yields. The government has also implemented training programs to equip farmers with the necessary skills to grow and manage the crop. Additionally, there have been efforts to improve infrastructure, such as building new roads and improving supply chain logistics.

Hanson Cheng

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